ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ACTIVE METABOLITES PRODUCED FROM PROBIOTIC ISOLATES AGAINST DANDRUFF CAUSING MALASSEZIA FURFUR (MTCC: 1374T)

Abstract

Dandruff is commonly known as seborrheic dermatitis, a common scaling condition, causing itching and discomfort. Anti-dandruff shampoos contain compounds harmful to the environment and humans; therefore, a solution with potential anti-dandruff activity with minimal or no harm is needed for an hour. This study aims to screen and identify the likely anti-dandruff probiotic organisms and characterize their active metabolites. Three morphologically different probiotic microorganisms were isolated from local dairy products and identified by gram staining. 16S rDNA of the isolates were amplified and sequenced for molecular identification. 16S rDNA sequences confirmed the isolates as Lactobacillus rhamnosus (98%), Enterococcus faecalis (98%), and Enterococcus faecium (97.65%). Phylogenetic analysis reveals that L. rhamnosus (MK951691) indicated high sequence similarity with L. paracasei. Similarly, E. faecium (MK951690) represented close similarity with E. faecalis (MK951689). A maximum zone of inhibition of 7 mm was recorded by the extracellular fractions of bacterial isolate L. rhamnosus, followed by the other two isolates of Enterococcus sp. The MIC value of the extracellular fraction of probiotic bacterial strains was optimized to be 100 mg/mL. GCMS analysis revealed that all three extracellular bacterial isolates had propionic acid, lactic acid, phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethyl ethyl), hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, and 3-isobutyl hexahydro pyrrolo [1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione. In conclusion, these isolates are enriched with antifungal components, and hence, they could be considered an antifungal target against Malassezia furfur.