MORPHOGENETIC MODULES FORMATION IN SUGAR BEET CALLUS TISSUES IN VITRO

Abstract

After stocking of a sugar beet plant explants on the modificated agarized medium according to the Murashige & Skoog protocol laced with 1000 mg.ml-4 mesoinositol, 5 mg.ml-4 of vitamin B1, 5 mg.ml-4 casein hydrolyzate, 10 mg.ml-4 6-BAP, 5 mg.ml-4 NAA, 1 mg.ml-4 IAA callus formation was observed on the 20-23 day. Development of callus culture accompanied by formation of two histochemicaly different zones - peripherical and inner. In the process of further differentiation in the certain sections of inner callus zones small group of cells with high proliferative potential was formed. They initiated formation of meristemoids. Their development synchronized with lignification and deposition of β (1→3)-glucan (callose) on external periclinal and anticlinal cell walls of parenchyma peripherical zone. Synthesis and deposition of callose on cell walls regulated the intensity of the intercellular ion transport and products of metabolism, creating conditions for the formation of biochemical grade in callus tissues. Morphogenic structures with developed conductive system were formed both on the callus surface and middle layers. They had spatial-structural organization in which were meristematic cones, provascular zones with hydrocites system, surrounded by several layers of small parenchymal cells. Each module was surrounded by a large sized parenchymal cells, cell walls of which had significant depositions of callose, lignin and suberins.