ASSOCIATIVE TO TRITICUM AESTIVUM L. BACTERIA AS A SOURCE OF STRAINS FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY OF THE RHIZOSPHERE

Abstract

Associative microorganisms live in the zone of direct influence of plants namely in the soil, which is in close contact with the roots. They form complex communities on the roots of plants in terms of taxonomic composition and structural and functional o8rganization, which have polyfunctional effect on plants. Rhizosphere biotechnologies with the use of associative bacteria to a specific plant species allow increasing their productivity and quality, which contributes to the stability of agroecosystems. Therefore, the main goal of the current study was to isolate associative to Triticum aestivum L. bacteria from the southern chernozem (Haplic Chernozems), which was sampled in the steppe zone of the Crimea. The methodical approach was used to select associative microorganisms for a specific plant species. The number of microorganisms of the main ecological-trophic groups for three varieties T. aestivum were determined. The maximum number of rhizosphere microorganisms was identified for the Ermak variety, as well as the number of morphotypes isolated from the apical part of the root. As a result of the research, six strains of associative bacteria were obtained. They increased the seed quality of the studied varieties by 5% and the biomass of the seedlings by 80%. Identification by the 16S rRNA gene showed their belonging to different bacterial genera. Thus, the quantitative composition of the chernozem southern of the rhizosphere of three varieties of T. aestivum was determined. Five strains of associative bacteria promising for further biotechnology of the agrocenosis rhizosphere were isolated.