IMPACT OF DIFFERENT AMARANTHACEAE EXTRACTS ON THE BIOFILM-FORMING CAPACITY OF SEVERAL BACTERIAL PATHOGENS

Irma Mahmutovic-Dizdarevic; Mirsada Salihovic; Mirha Pazalja; Selma Spirtovic-Halilovic; Lejla Kadric; Anesa Jerkovic-Mujkic; Mirsada Hukic; Monia Avdic

doi:10.55251/jmbfs.5804

Authors

Irma Mahmutovic-Dizdarevic University of Sarajevo; Faculty of Science https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2553-7296
Mirsada Salihovic University of Sarajevo, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zmaja od Bosne 8, 71 000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Mirha Pazalja University of Sarajevo, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zmaja od Bosne 8, 71 000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6614-702X
Selma Spirtovic-Halilovic University of Sarajevo, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zmaja od Bosne 8, 71 000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Lejla Kadric International Burch University, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Francuske revolucije bb, 71210 IlidÅ¾a, Bosnia and Herzegovina https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0972-7508
Anesa Jerkovic-Mujkic University of Sarajevo, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology
Mirsada Hukic Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Center for Disease Control and Geohealth Studies, Bistrik 7, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herze-govina; Institute for Biomedical Diagnostics and Research Nalaz, ÄŒekaluÅ¡a 69, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Monia Avdic International Burch University, Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Francuske revolucije bb, 71210 IlidÅ¾a, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Center for Disease Control and Geohealth Studies, Bistrik 7, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5457-6900

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55251/jmbfs.5804

Keywords:

Amaranthaceae extracts, phenolic composition, antioxidant activity, minimum inhibitory concentration, antibiofilm activity

Abstract

Amaranthaceae Juss. family encompasses many edible plants with prominent biological activity. This investigation tested the bioactive properties of ethanolic and methanolic extract of three well-known species: spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), chard (Beta vulgaris L. subsp. vulgaris), and orache (Atriplex hortensis L.) through the determination of total phenolic and flavonoid content, antioxidant activity, and antibacterial properties. The particular goal was to evaluate the antibiofilm potential of extracts and to demarcate concentration-depending changes in the biofilm-forming category of included bacterial strains. The mass of the chard and orache methanolic extracts gained by maceration are lower in comparison to the mass of ethanolic extracts obtained by the Soxhlet method. In the case of spinach, the results are the opposite. All extracts have an antiradical activity that can be attributed to the established amounts of phenols and flavonoids. Total phenolics in dry leaves ranged from 0.09 to 0.44 mg GAE/g dw, and total flavonoids from 0.42 to 1.9 mg RTE/g dw. All investigated extracts performed inhibitory potential in terms of bacterial growth, while there was no bactericidal effect observed. Values of the minimum inhibitory concentration ranged from 125 µg/ml to 500 µg/ml. Overall results suggested orache extracts as the strongest inhibitory agents. Antibiofilm assays showed that examined extracts of spinach, chard, and orache caused changes in the biofilm-forming capacity of investigated bacterial pathogens. Fluctuations in observed biofilm-forming categories after application of extracts were concentration-dependent.